This study used national registries in Norway to identify children of different gestational-age categories who were born between 1967 and 1983 and to follow them through 2003. The risks of medical and social disabilities increased with decreasing gestational age at birth. Even among those who did not have medical disabilities, the gestational age at birth was associated with the education level attained, income, the receipt of social security benefits, and the likelihood of establishing a family.
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