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New cases in Pous 2064, HIV = 175, AIDS = 26, Death = 2. HIV rate is very high in Housewives than sex workers in Nepal ! ! ! HIV status in Nepal till 2005: Total Adult=70000, Adult Prevalence (15-49)=0.55%, Number of Women (15-49) LWHA=15,310 (22%), HIV Prevalence rate in IDUs=32.7%, HIV prevalence rate in sex worker=3.8%, HIV prevalence rate in client of SW=2.1%. The latest U.N. report shows that 65 million people have been infected with HIV since it was first identified 25 years ago. Twenty five million people have died of AIDS.

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Clinical Vignette A clinical vignette is a concise presentation of an interesting or challenging patient encounter that stimulated an interesting learning issue.

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Clinical MCQs 10 - 14-06-2006, 10:32 AM

A 56-year-old man visits his physician with complaints of complete exhaustion after mowing the lawn in his small front yard. He also complains of dizziness, irritability, difficulty sleeping, and loss of libido. On physical examination, the man's skin, conjunctiva, and oral mucosa are pale. A blood test indicates the man's hemoglobin is 7 g/dL. Which of the following findings is also likely to be present in this man?
A. Bradycardia
B. Cyanosis
C. Low stroke volume
D. Warm hands
E. Wide pulse pressure


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Re: Clinical MCQs - 19-06-2006, 03:28 AM

I'm confused here.I have two answers(I'm not sure whether that's acceptable)I'd go for D and E. This man appears to be having hyperthyroidism-likely thyrotixicosis.- warm hands and a wide pulse pressure are features.
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The correct answer is E - 19-06-2006, 08:46 AM

Kenneth one of your answer is correct its E here is the Explanation:

The correct answer is E. The normal blood hemoglobin concentration is about 15-16 g/dL for a man and about 13-14 g/dL for a woman. A patient is considered to be severely anemic when the hemoglobin concentration falls below 7.5 g/dL. In severely anemic patients, the resting cardiac output is significantly increased with an increase in both heart rate and stroke volume (choice C). The increase in stroke volume causes a widening of the pulse pressure, because when a greater amount of blood is ejected during each systole, the blood pressure rises and falls to a greater extent.

Bradycardia (choice A) is said to occur when the heart rate falls below 60 BPM. Severely anemic patients exhibit tachycardia, which is defined as a heart rate greater than 100 BPM.

Cyanosis (choice B) refers to a bluish color of the skin and mucous membranes that results from the presence of deoxygenated hemoglobin in the blood vessels, especially the capillaries. Cyanosis does not occur in severely anemic patients despite widespread hypoxia in the tissues because 5 grams of deoxygenated hemoglobin must be present in each 100 mL of blood to produce overt cyanosis. In other words, the hemoglobin concentration is too low for a severely anemic patient to become cyanotic.

The hands of anemic patients are often cold (choice D) because of decreased blood flow to the skin.


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