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New cases in Pous 2064, HIV = 175, AIDS = 26, Death = 2. HIV rate is very high in Housewives than sex workers in Nepal ! ! ! HIV status in Nepal till 2005: Total Adult=70000, Adult Prevalence (15-49)=0.55%, Number of Women (15-49) LWHA=15,310 (22%), HIV Prevalence rate in IDUs=32.7%, HIV prevalence rate in sex worker=3.8%, HIV prevalence rate in client of SW=2.1%. The latest U.N. report shows that 65 million people have been infected with HIV since it was first identified 25 years ago. Twenty five million people have died of AIDS.

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Heart Rate - 25-05-2006, 05:01 AM

Isn't heart rate and pulse rate the same thing? I mean, in a normal person, the pulse rate is the heart rate, isn't it doctor?!


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25-05-2006, 05:54 AM

i think it's different . the heart rate is the rate of the heart beat. and pulse rate is rate of the pulse. the origin of the pulse is same but the thing is different. So, the pulse taken in the heart and the pulse are different/
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25-05-2006, 09:11 PM

When we take the pulse rate of a normal person, the pulse rate that is measured is equal to the heart rate, isn't it so??? Though the meanings of these terms are different, but the measured rate is equal, isn't it?!


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25-05-2006, 09:53 PM

Quote:
When we take the pulse rate of a normal person, the pulse rate that is measured is equal to the heart rate, isn't it so???
Ya! The Pulse wave velocity is so fast (~2m/s depends on density of blood, vessel elasticity(age), length of vessel, Hagen-Poisseuille-Law) that the heart rate and pulse in A radialis is same. Only in pathl. case it is relevant, in which it may be long short deformed or completely missing.


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25-05-2006, 10:57 PM

Dear Sushma,

You are right, pulse and the heart rate are same in the normal individual. You feel

the heart beat of a person by palpating artery in the various place in the body like

wrist, Neck - carotid pulse etc.

But in some condition heart rate and pulse do differ e.g. Arrythmia, skip beat etc.


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26-05-2006, 08:45 AM

Yes Sushma, i think our physiology Sir has taught this in our practical classes.

The reply given by "Doctor" is absolutely correct.

Both mean the same thing.

So if we want to know someones heart rate, we can easily palpate the radial pulse. Another idea may be to auscultate the apex beat from which we can know the heart rate.

Knowing the heart rate than we can determine whether a person is in a state of "bradycardia" or "tachycardia"

Bradycardia occurs in
Non-compensatory shock
Hypothyroidism
Myxoedema etc etc

Tachycardia,
Refers to increase in the heart rate, which may be

Sinus tachycardia
Which occurs in physiological conditions of emotional stress (during exams!!) and fever (in which our body's thermostat is a bit high)

Ectopic tachycardia
This occurs when there is an ectopic focus present in the heart except for the Sinus node

It may be of the following types

Supraventricular tachycardia (SVT): in which the ectopic focus is present in the atria

Ventricular tachycardia (VT): in which the ectopic focus is present in the ventricles.

There is much more, this is just what i can recall at this moment. If there are any mistakes, please correct me. And i will be very happy if you can tell me more about such things. Thank you


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26-05-2006, 08:47 AM

Now here's my question,

Please tell me the conditions in which pulsus paradoxus occurs except for:
Bronchial Asthma
Cardiac tamponade

.........................................

I would be very grateful


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26-05-2006, 10:13 AM

Other causes of Pulsus Paradoxus
-------------------------------
COPD A/E
Constrictive pericarditis

Pulse is a palpable wave felt in arteriol tree during systole (ventricular contraction) ???


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26-05-2006, 10:30 AM

Quote:
Originally Posted by Arjun
Now here's my question,

Please tell me the conditions in which pulsus paradoxus occurs except for:
Bronchial Asthma
Cardiac tamponade

.........................................

I would be very grateful
Causes of pulsus paradoxus:
Cardiac causes
1. Cardiac tamponade
2. Pericardial effusion
3. Constrictive pericarditis
4. Restrictive cardiomyopathy

Extracardiac
1. Bronchial asthma
2. Tension pneumothorax
3. Diaphragmatic hernia
4. Superior vena cava obstruction
5. Extreme obesity
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26-05-2006, 10:33 AM

Remember that all cases of cardiac tamponade are not accompanied by pulsus paradoxus.
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